Research
| Title： | Dietary isoleucine requirement of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) based on growth performance, muscle nutritional value, and extracellular matrix gene expression |
|---|---|
| First author： | Ren, Kaixuan; Feng, Lin; Wu, Pei; Liu, Yang; Han, Dong; Zhang, Wenbing; Tang, Ling; Li, Shuwei; Kuang, Shengyao; Zhou, Xiaoqiu; Jiang, Weidan |
| Journal： | AQUACULTURE |
| Years： | 2025 |
| DOI： | 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742726 |
| Abstract： | Isoleucine (Ile), as an essential amino acid, which can regulate nutrient and energy metabolism in animals and the balance between branched-chain amino acids is essential for animal growth. The objective of this experiment was to explore the impacts of diet Ile on muscle nutrients, sensory quality and Extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The experiment involved 450 healthy fish, each initially weighing 615.69 +/- 0.03 g, which were allocated into 6 treatment groups with 3 replicates. Ile was added to the basal diet with different concentrations: 0.00, 3.00, 6.00, 9.00, 12.00, and 15.00 g/kg, and fed the fish for 9 weeks. The experiment results showed that Ile improved the growth performance and muscle quality of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). For the first time, our research discovered that Ile rose the muscle ECM components including collagen, fibronectin and laminin. Our further research has been shown that Ile increased the mRNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 1), small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad), mammalianse20-like kinases (MST), large tumor suppressor (LATS) and yes-associated protein (YAP), which are key factors of the ECM synthesis pathway, suggested that Ile promoted ECM synthesis. We also found that Ile decreased the protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 while enhanced the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) protein level, which are the main factors of the ECM degradation pathway, indicated that Ile inhibited the degradation of muscle ECM. Overall, the results demonstrated that dietary supplementation with appropriate Ile (10.81 g/kg) enhanced the growth performance and muscle nutrient content, sensory quality and ECM synthesis, while inhibited ECM degradation of adult grass carp. |
